GERMINATION OF SEEDS

1. The seed contains the embryo of the new plant.
2. It has a supply of food for the embryo until it has formed sufficient roots and leaves to obtain its own food. 
3. The food, referred to as the endosperm, may be in the seed leaves (called the cotyledons) or it may be outside the seed leaves.

4. To germinate, the seed leaves absorb water and swell, and the seed roots (called radicle) emerges, followed by the seed shoot (called plumule).

Parts of the seed.

Pollination and fertilization